Minimoon Sail Toy Model

Constant-thrust accumulator: force = sail area × 4.6 N/km² × duty cycle; acceleration = force / mass. Reference lines: 32 m/s (Urrutxua et al. 2006 RH120 capture extension) and 58 m/s (García Yárnoz et al. easiest ERO retrieval). Dashed band: Ceriotti et al. 2021 near-term NEO-rendezvous characteristic acceleration 0.10–0.23 mm/s².